The repercussions of the rising mini pluralism instead of multi -party diplomacy
After the end of the Second World War in 1945, a new era in multilateral relations began by establishing the United Nations to succeed the League of Nations more broadly through its structure with six major devices distributed international duties and duties among them: the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council and the International Court of Justice.
Since then, the role of the United Nations, as stipulated in its founding charter, is to preserve international peace and security, provide humanitarian assistance to the needy, protect human rights and adhere to international law.
There were many reasons and repercussions of the decline in the usual role of multilateral diplomacy. With the passage of time and the escalation of tensions and disputes in the competitive international environment in sensitive geopolitical sites with the spread of the phenomena of thorny conflicts and bloody wars. What killed many innocent people on the planet and created a new tragedy for the displaced and displaced people in the separation of international humanitarian law. The failure of the United Nations has become clear in carrying out the fundamental tasks entrusted to it, especially the achievement of international peace and security.
This corresponds to the emergence of the influencing forces of any decisions issued by the United Nations, believing that this organization has been developed to be a global platform for expressing opinions and justifying positions, and what makes the mud is that there is no concrete effectiveness of the mechanisms of the work of its main devices in the international system. A reflection of the continuous decline in the concept of multi -party diplomacy and the weak confidence in international institutions and organizations under the current international circumstances.
Moreover, these events coincide with the growing phenomenon of mini-mini-miniature, or what can be called in some situations of mini-blocs, which are known as the following:- (It is the establishment of a group of countries that are characterized by the limited number and the influential force regionally and internationally, by creating a political, economic and security bloc that takes the formal and unofficial nature, with the aim of awarding their common interests through integration between the parties of this Group).
From this definition, we deduce that mini -blocs bring their parties certain components of geopolitical influence, strong economic growth, an integrated security system and distinct geographical sites, and the most prominent factor is the limited number. This will lead to unifying efforts and endeavors to increase the influence of the joint bloc over sensitive sites and conflict points in the world to secure the foreign trade of these countries and protect their other interests, and at the same time limiting any expansion of counter -powers in the international system. Thus, this type of pluralistic forms is the most influential and penetration in international politics to use its parties effective tools that control the balance of international powers.
It is worth noting here that the phenomenon of miniature pluralism is not modern in the foreign policy dictionary, as its first seed was when the European Conference (the Vienna Conference) was established in the nineteenth century -century reconciliation in the aim of redrawing the political geographical arrangement in the world and restoring European powers in that era.
This bloc was established through the quadruple alliance between Austria, Russia, Britain and Russia to counter the expansion of French influence led by Napoleon Bonaparte, and indeed the Vienna conference was achieved after its victory over the French forces, the overthrow of Napoleon and the entry into a new policy era.
Among the contemporary models of mini pluralism is the establishment of the Group of Seven for Industrial Countries in 1973, it is noticeable that this group was characterized by a basic common factor, the industry that contributed to enhancing the economic growth of its parties and imposing its control on global markets for successive periods.
The group has gradually evolved until it became a prominent political meeting between seven countries that have a widespread impact in the international arena and control approximately 42 % of global GDP. Also, the trade war against China cannot be overlooked, as the group accuses Beijing of adopting unfair industrial policies.
This limit was not satisfied, but other mini clumps have emerged, each of which has certain tasks such as the group of quadruple security dialogue between Japan, the United States, India and Australia, which is stationed in the quiet Indian region with a strategic security dimension and the starting point for the seventh fleet of the American Navy to protect its interests in that region and reduce Chinese expansion in various ways.
As a result of the success achieved by these mini -international blocs in strengthening its influence in the international environment according to the effectiveness of its use of this concept according to common interests, as well as as a result of the increase in the severity of geopolitical competition between America and its allies on the one hand, Russia and China on the other hand.
The BRICS group has been established as a mini bloc that brings together countries that are no less important than those in its anti -blocs, with the aim of changing the equation in the international system from the United States’s dominance of the international environment so that there is a multi -polar international system.
It is a BRICS perspective that the founding parties of the group possess the elements and qualities specified for the nature of the world powers in the international environment. Especially from the economic point of view, the GDP of the Brix members exceeds 40% of the size of the global economy.
In view of the recent developments and conditions of the Ukrainian -Russian crisis and its militarily escalating with the launch of a diplomatic campaign by the European Union and NATO against Russia towards this crisis and its full condemnation in the conquest of Ukraine. In one way or another, the Brex group expanded its membership until five additional countries joined it, namely Ethiopia, Iran, the UAE and Egypt, as if the last of which was Indonesia in January 2025.
In this way, the BRICS group is a new model of mini pluralism, which is characterized by its general framework with a similar structure for multilateral organizations, but in the reasons for expanding it depends on the principle of political polarization in the international arena, in order to move to the fun of a multiple international pattern. Although what is more confused in this matter is that some of the Brex members have security and political alliances rooted with Washington and not easy to exit from them.
In conclusion, it appears that the multilateral diplomacy is no longer feasible according to the scenarios circulating in the foreign policy of countries, as a result of developments and developments in the environment of international relations with our contemporary time, but is it necessary for aspiring countries to expand their role in the international scene to find a place in one of these blocs to walk in a specific path and create a common interest with their other counterparts within a common nature. Will the next stage of the international system be more competitive through these blocs and enter into more geostonic conflicts, commercial wars and other continuous developmental and innovation frameworks?
All of this requires the centers of political thought and research in our region to conduct extensive research and reports on the phenomenon of pluralism or mini -blocs for the scarcity of studies and research specialized in this prominent topic; Because there is an urgent need to find a full content and a comprehensive explanation of this phenomenon and its inclusion in the literature of foreign policy, and this must be involved on a precise scientific basis in order to supply the foreign policy maker with clear interpretations and forecasts about it and the latest emerging phenomena in international relations.
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Abdulaziz bin Alyan Al -Anezan
